Gear oils are classified according to their chemical composition, viscosity, additives and application
Gear oils, depending on their composition, can be classified as mineral, synthetic and semi-synthetic. Each type has its own unique characteristics and advantages:
Mineral oils
- Production: They are obtained by refining oil (hydrocracking). This is a traditional method of producing lubricants. Characteristics: Mineral oils are prone to a strong change in viscosity at low and high temperatures, which does not allow their use in a number of applications.
- Oxidation: They are more susceptible to oxidation, which can significantly shorten their service life.
- Advantages: Low cost compared to synthetic and semi-synthetic oils.
- Disadvantages: Limited temperature range of use and a higher probability of formation of deposits.
Synthetic oils
- Production: They are created chemically, which allows you to accurately control their chemical composition, atomic structure and physical properties.
- Characteristics: Temperature stability: They have better temperature stability, maintaining their properties at both low and high temperatures.
- Oxidation resistance: They are less susceptible to oxidation, which increases their service life.
- Advantages: Increased equipment protection, improved efficiency and durability.y
- Disadvantages: The cost is higher compared to mineral oils.
Semi-synthetic oils
- Production: They are a hybrid of mineral and synthetic oils, combining elements of both types.
- Characteristics: Balanced properties: Combine the best qualities of mineral and synthetic oils, offering good performance at a more affordable price.
- Temperature adaptability: They cope better with temperature fluctuations than mineral oils.
- Advantages: Good value for money, suitable for a wide range of applications.
- Disadvantages: Although they offer improved performance compared to mineral oils, they are still inferior to purely synthetic oils in many aspects.
The choice between mineral, synthetic and semi-synthetic oils depends on a number of factors, including specific equipment requirements, operating conditions and budget constraints. Synthetic and semi-synthetic oils are usually preferred for high-performance or extreme working conditions. However, there are situations where the use of mineral oils may be more appropriate.
Mineral oils may be sufficient for less demanding equipment, especially in cases where the equipment has been removed from warranty and is relatively old (for example, manufactured in the 1980s and earlier). In such situations, oils that meet GOST standards are often used, which are usually mineral.In addition, mineral oils may be the preferred choice for equipment that can no longer be repaired and in which there is a constant oil leak. In such cases, the oil does not have time to collect sludge or oxidize due to the frequent need for refilling. This makes the use of more expensive synthetic or semi-synthetic oils economically unjustified.
Thus, while synthetic and semi-synthetic oils provide better performance and durability in more demanding environments, mineral oils may be a more practical and economical choice for old or unrepaired equipment.
Viscosity classification
AGMA: American Classification based on oil viscosity Classification
AGMA (American Gear Manufacturers Association) is based on the viscosity of oils and is designed to determine suitable lubricants for various types of gears.- The main classification according to viscosity: The viscosity of the oil at a certain temperature (usually 40°C).
- AGMA Numbers: Oils are classified by AGMA numbers, ranging from AGMA 1 (lowest viscosity) to AGMA 14 (highest viscosity).
- Application: Each AGMA number corresponds to a specific viscosity range, which allows you to accurately select the oil for a specific type of gear and operating conditions.
- Updates and Standards: AGMA regularly updates its standards to reflect modern technologies and materials in the production of gears.
ISO VG: International Standard for Assessing the Viscosity of Gear Oils
ISO VG (International Standards Organization Viscosity Grade) is an international standard that classifies oils by their viscosity.
- Viscosity classification: The viscosity of the oil is measured in centistokes (cSt) at a temperature of 40°C.
- Viscosity Range: ISO VG classifies oils in the range from ISO VG 2 (very low viscosity) to ISO VG 1500 (very high viscosity).
- Oil Selection: This standard allows users to accurately select the oil with the right viscosity for certain applications, taking into account the operating conditions and requirements of the equipment manufacturer.
- Versatility: ISO VG is an internationally recognized standard that facilitates the selection and comparison of oils on the global market.
ISO VG Class | Viscosity (cSt at 40°C) | Recommended Use |
---|---|---|
ISO VG 2 | 2.2 | Very light applications, high-speed mechanisms |
ISO VG 5 | 4.1 - 5.6 | High-speed, low-load systems |
ISO VG 10 | 9.0 - 11.0 | Lightweight applications, high-speed gearboxes |
ISO VG 22 | 19.8 - 24.2 | Standard gearboxes, moderate loads and speeds |
ISO VG 32 | 28.8 - 35.2 | Universal industrial applications, hydraulic systems |
ISO VG 46 | 41.4 - 50.6 | Industrial gearboxes, medium loads |
ISO VG 68 | 61.2 - 74.8 | Heavy industrial applications, medium loads |
ISO VG 100 | 90.0 - 110 | Heavy gearboxes, high loads |
ISO VG 150 | 135 - 165 | Very heavy industrial applications, high loads |
ISO VG 220 | 198 - 242 | Heavy gearboxes, high loads, low speeds |
ISO VG 320 | 288 - 352 | Very heavy industrial applications, maximum loads |
ISO VG 460 | 414 - 506 | Super-heavy operating conditions, maximum loads |
ISO VG 680 | 612 - 748 | Special applications, ultra-high loads |
ISO VG 1000 | 900 - 1100 | Exceptional cases, extreme loads and conditions |
ISO VG 1500 | 1350 - 1650 | Specialized applications, extremely high loads |
Both of these classifications play a key role in choosing the right gear oil, ensuring reliable and efficient operation of mechanical systems. AGMA focuses on the American market and gears, while ISO VG offers a broader international approach to the classification of oil viscosity.
Classification of gear oils according to DIN 51517
DIN 51517 class | Description | Viscosity index | Features |
---|---|---|---|
DIN 51517-1 (Class C) | Without additional additives | It differs | Unloaded and low-loaded systems; basic and economical option |
DIN 51517-2 (Class CL) | Additives against oxidation and corrosion | It differs | Systems without strict requirements for anti-wear properties; extended service life |
DIN 51517-3 (CLP class) | Antioxidant, anti-corrosion and anti-wear additives | It differs | Highly loaded systems; increased wear protection in difficult conditions |
CGLP class | Additives against oxidation, wear, corrosion and improved sliding | It differs | Long and heavy loads; the most expensive option for demanding conditions |
LIKSIR ARKUDA CLP Synthetic industrial gear oil based on polyalphaolefins
- PAO/ mPAO/ester/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 32 - LIKSIR ARKUDA CLP 32
- PAO/ mPAO/ester/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 46 - LIKSIR ARKUDA CLP 46
- PAO/ mPAO/ester/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 68 - LIKSIR ARKUDA CLP 68
- PAO/ mPAO/ester/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 100- LIKSIR ARKUDA CLP 100
- PAO/ mPAO/ester/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 150 - LIKSIR ARKUDA CLP 150
- PAO/ mPAO/ester/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 220 - LIKSIR ARKUDA CLP 220
- PAO/ mPAO/ester/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 320 - LIKSIR ARKUDA CLP 320
- PAO/ mPAO/ester/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 460 - LIKSIR ARKUDA CLP 460
- PAO/ mPAO/ester/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 680 - LIKSIR ARKUDA CLP 680
- PAO/ mPAO/ester/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 1000 - LIKSIR ARKUDA CLP 1000
LIKSIR ARKUDA CLP HV is a synthetic lubricant for large open gears based on polyalphaolefins (PAO)
- PAO/ mPAO/ester/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 3100 - LIKSIR ARKUDA CLP 3 HV
- PAO/ mPAO/ester/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 6800 - LIKSIR ARKUDA CLP 7 HV
- PAO/ mPAO/ester/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 8000 - LIKSIR ARKUDA CLP 8 HV
- PAO/ mPAO/ester/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 10000 - LIKSIR ARKUDA CLP 10 HV
- PAO/ mPAO/ester/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 16500 - LIKSIR ARKUDA CLP 16 HV
- PAO/ mPAO/ester/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 22000- LIKSIR ARKUDA CLP 22 HV
- PAO/ mPAO/ester/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 25000 - LIKSIR ARKUDA CLP 25 HV
- PAO/ mPAO/ester/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 46000- LIKSIR ARKUDA CLP 46 HV
LIKSIR ARKUDA MOTOR - WHEEL is a premium gear oil for electric wheel hubs and motorized wheels of off-road dump trucks
- PAO/ mPAO/ester/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 150 - LIKSIR ARKUDA MOTOR - WHEEL 150
- PAO/ mPAO/ester/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 220 - LIKSIR ARKUDA MOTOR - WHEEL 220
- PAO/ mPAO/ester/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 320 - LIKSIR ARKUDA MOTOR - WHEEL 320
- PAO/ mPAO/ester/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 460 - LIKSIR ARKUDA MOTOR - WHEEL 460
- PAO/ mPAO/ester/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 680 - LIKSIR ARKUDA MOTOR - WHEEL 680
- PAO/ mPAO/ester/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 1000 - LIKSIR ARKUDA MOTOR - WHEEL 1000
- PAO/ mPAO/ solvent/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 4000 - LIKSIR ARCUDA SPIRIT 16HV
Viscosity at 40°C,mm2/s (without solvent) 16500
LIKSIR ARKUDA PG is a synthetic gear oil based on polyalkylene glycol (PAG)
- PAG/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 100 - LIKSIR ARKUDA PG 100
- PAG/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 150 - LIKSIR ARKUDA PG 150
- PAG/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 220 - LIKSIR ARKUDA PG 220
- PAG/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 320 - LIKSIR ARKUDA PG 320
- PAG/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 460 - LIKSIR ARKUDA PG 460
- PAG/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 680 - LIKSIR ARKUDA PG 680
- PAG/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 1000 - LIKSIR ARKUDA PG 1000
LIKSIR ARKUDA GLG is a synthetic industrial gear oil based on polyalkylene glycol (PAG)
- PAG/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 85 - LIKSIR ARKUDA GLG 11
- PAG/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 177 - LIKSIR ARKUDA GLG 22
- PAG/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 224 - LIKSIR ARKUDA GLG 30
LIKSOL PAG H1 is a multifunctional polyalphaolefin (PAO) based oil for the food industry
- PAG/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 100 - LIKSOL PAG 100 H1
- PAG/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 150 - LIKSOL PAG 150 H1
- PAG/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 220 - LIKSOL PAG 220 H1
- PAG/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 320 - LIKSOL PAG 320 H1
- PAG/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 460 - LIKSOL PAG 460 H1
- PAG/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 680 - LIKSOL PAG 680 H1
- PAG/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 1000 - LIKSOL PAG 1000 H1
LIKSIR ARKUDA CLP Synthetic industrial gear oil based on polyalphaolefins
- PAO/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 32 - LIKSOL PAO 32 H1
- PAO/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 46 - LIKSOL PAO 46 H1
- PAO/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 68 - LIKSOL PAO 68 H1
- PAO/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 100 - LIKSOL PAO 100 H1
- PAO/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 150 - LIKSOL PAO 150 H1
- PAO/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 220 - LIKSOL PAO 220 H1
- PAO/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 320 - LIKSOL PAO 320 H1
- PAO/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 460 - LIKSOL PAO 460 H1
- PAO/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 680 - LIKSOL PAO 680 H1
- PAO/ DIN 51517-3 / ISO VG 1000 - LIKSOL PAO 1000 H1